Research on the transformation of urban commercial banks in China under the interest rate liberalization : econometric analysis based on 39 urban commercial banks
利率市場化 ; 城市商業銀行 ; 轉型
Interest rate liberalization ; City commercial banks ; Transformation
Under the background of accelerating the reform of interest rate liberalization in China, the traditional profit model of commercial Banks based on interest income is confronted with challenges, and the interest margin of deposit and loan is greatly narrowed. China's large joint–stock Banks and state–owned Banks have innovated the development of intermediate business and changed the traditional profit model. China's city commercial Banks have gradually become an important force in financial institutions, but their traditional profit model, which mainly focuses on interest rate spreads, needs innovation in the current interest rate liberalization.
Under the interest rate liberalization, the profits of city commercial Banks will be continuously compressed by the narrowing of interest margin in the short term. The degree of liberalization of the floating range of interest rate has greatly increased the demand of city commercial Banks for the independent pricing of interest rate. The instability brought by interest rate fluctuation also contains more interest rate risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. How to change the profit model, seize the opportunity and avoid the risk is the main content of this paper.
Firstly, this paper briefly expounds the process of each part of interest rate liberalization in China, analyzes the current situation, problems and future development trend of urban commercial Banks with actual data on the macroeconomic level, and especially analyzes the double–sided impact of interest rate liberalization on urban commercial Banks. Thirdly, the empirical model is constructed by using the annual report data of each city commercial bank to prove the connection between the profit model of city commercial bank and the interest rate liberalization, the loan–to–deposit ratio and the credit ratio. The results show that city commercial Banks need to innovate constantly and change their profit model. Finally, the conclusion is drawn: the city commercial Banks should grasp the new normal of the macroeconomic environment actively and make clear the market positioning. Reasonable allocation of bank assets and improvement of bank asset structure; To enrich the intermediary business of Banks and expand other sources of income; To strengthen the fine management of Banks and improve the independent pricing system of Banks; Strengthen risk management and cultivate outstanding elites.
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