Sovereign Credit rating tools follow the guideline announced by the quasi-governmental agency according to its strategic financial layout, which is similar to the company rules and regulations. The rating tools are important indicators of the balance of international trade. Regions and countries do not need to formally agree or sign any form of consent to be rated. The rating agencies acquire this special status for rating regions/countries worldwide by getting legal authority from the US government.
Macau's credit rating has been higher than mainland China since its return. However, China has already become the world's second-largest economy and the largest economy in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP). Macau is a miniature city with a limited supply of land and a low population, no primary industry, and the secondary industry account for only a single digit of the total gross output value. The fact that Macau has a higher credit rating can be called a super sovereign credit rating.
From 2016 to 2022, all sectors of the community have been continually raising various ideas over the development of the financial industry in Macau, and now it is in a situation of divergent opinions. It is necessary to have both external financial talents and non-financial professionals to learn the foundation of Macao's financial industry, avoid proposals that deviate from the objective development path of Macao's financial industry, and avoid wasting the discussion time of all sectors of society. The purpose of this study is to make the public understand the foundation of Macao's financial industry, the development of the economy has its trajectory, and it needs to meet the basic requirements to have the possibility of further development. Once we understand the foundation of the financial industry, we can have what is commonly known as path dependence. Proposals by the public can be connected with the past and become possible, rather than wasting the time of society discussing the development of financial business issues that is divorced from reality.
This study concludes that Macau is a city with very limited resource endowment that only relies on its super sovereign credit rating and fixed exchange rate, as well as the comprehensive supply chain from China. However, there are various challenges and difficulties in the upward upgrading and development of the financial industry in Macao. Finally, two possibilities are obtained to optimize the financial industry rather than the direction of development, and a related proposal is put forward.