The "History Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education (2022 Edition)" officially released by the Ministry of Education in April 2022 (hereinafter referred to as the "New Curriculum Standards" or "New History Curriculum Standards") clearly states that based on the analysis of the curriculum content structure, Teachers should "effectively integrate the teaching content from the perspective of facilitating students' core literacy" (formulated by the Ministry of Education of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, 2022), so as to put forward operational suggestions: "integrating teaching content based on unit theme learning", "integrating teaching content with big concepts", "overall unit teaching design based on themes", etc. The new curriculum standard first mentions core literacy and big concepts. Out of over 49000 words in the book, 80 times it mentions "core literacy", 13 times it mentions "big concepts", 16 times it mentions "integrated teaching", more than 80 times it mentions "theme", and 7 times it mentions unit theme learning and other related meanings.
This study is based on the concepts and requirements of the 2022 edition of the new curriculum standard for compulsory education history, with the goal of cultivating core competencies, and explores the application of teaching design theory to construct a junior high school history teaching design model. Focusing on the core issue of how to use reverse design ideas to more effectively carry out large unit history teaching, this paper puts forward the hypothesis of "HLUD UbD" teaching design model based on literature research, Action research, measurement research, statistical research and other methods. During the research process, we attempted to break through a set of sub problems around the resolution of core issues: firstly, we explored the theoretical basis, characteristics, and advantages of Large Unit Teaching Design (LUD) and Reverse Design (UbD), as well as the theoretical consistency, practical complementarity, and practical necessity of their integration; The second is to theoretically establish the "HLUD UbD model" that is sufficient for the history discipline and integrates the advantages of large unit instructional design (LUD) and reverse design (UbD); The third is to practice the application of "HLUD UbD model" in history teaching in the way of Action research and verify the results, reflecting on the advantages and disadvantages of this model. The entire article consists of three parts:
The first chapter is the overview section. Elaborate on the origin of the research and clarify the basic issues, followed by defining the core concepts and terminology; The current research status and the successes and shortcomings of existing research are reviewed through literature review; Finally, provide a brief explanation of the theoretical and practical significance of this study, as well as the ideas, methods, and possible outcomes to be adopted in the study.
Chapters 2 to 9 are divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. Chapters 2 to 6 are the theoretical part. Based on a thorough analysis of the theoretical basis, main characteristics, and operating procedures of LUD mode and UbD mode, Chapter 2 explores the possibility of integrating the two modes by comparing similarities, differences, and complementarities, and proposes the hypothesis of "HLUD-UbD mode" based on these two modes. Chapters 3 to 6 respectively speculate on the operation principle and operation method in theory corresponding to one of the "four stages" of the "HLUD UbD model", and strive to build the conceptual system and operation procedure of the "HLUD UbD model": Chapter 3 corresponds to the first stage of "clarifying the subject construction unit knowledge", Chapter 4 corresponds to the second stage of "determining the expected results based on understanding" Chapter 5 corresponds to the third stage of "determining evaluation evidence based on living conditions", and Chapter 6 corresponds to the fourth stage of "integrated design and organizational activities". After completing the construction and analysis of the theoretical framework, we will enter the practical application section. In Chapter 7, a case study titled "From Decentralized to Whole World" will be used to demonstrate the process of using the "HLUD-UbD Model" to explore the reverse design of large units across 7893 grades. In the evaluation stages of Chapter 8 and Chapter 9, paper and pencil tests and Delphi expert methods were used to further validate the rationality and effectiveness of this model in junior high school history teaching from two groups and completely different perspectives, from the end of student learning effectiveness and from a third-party expert team with rich frontline teaching experience. The "HLUD-UbD Model" and the "HLUD-UbD Model Evaluation Scale" are two innovative achievements of this study.
Chapter 10 is the research conclusion, inspiration, and outlook section. After summarizing the research conclusions, further reflect on the optimization strategy of the "HLUD-UbD mode" and propose prospects for the next step of research. Reviewing the research process, it is believed that "HLUD UbD model" is a kind of teaching design model that is student-centered in theory and practice, based on Cognitive psychology, solid epistemology, constructivism and other psychological and pedagogical theories, in line with the teaching theory of history education in middle schools and the concept of the new curriculum reform. It can be used as an important reference path for junior high school history teaching to implement core literacy, and is worth promoting and other disciplines to learn from.