Estremos clay figures, as a famous Portuguese traditional handicraft intangible cultural heritage, originated in the Estremos region of the central Portuguese city of Alentejo, where they were originally handmade by local women and used for special occasions such as decorating homes and celebrating weddings.
This study explores the town of Estremos, in the region of Alentejo, Portugal, with the aim of clarifying the history, craftsmanship, cultural status and analysing the cultural connotations of Estremos clay figures. Based on the above research objectives, this paper will address the following research questions: Research Question 1: What is the origin and development process of the Estremos clay figures? Research Question 2: What are the unique characteristics of the Estremos clay figures? Research Question 3: How do the Estremos Clay Figures reflect the local culture and lifestyle of Portugal? The author adopts literature analysis, fieldwork, and descriptive research method to analyse, argue and explore the research questions, and comes up with the following conclusions: As a living history, the Estremos clay figures have many important values, which are diversified, dynamic and systematic, among which the main ones are historical value, cultural value, spiritual value, economic value, social value, aesthetic value, and collection value, etc. In a nutshell, the Estremos clay figures have the following values.
In general, the spread of the Estremos clay figures has benefited from a number of promotions, from the handmade work of local women, to the promotion of famous writers and politicians, to the support and promotion of the government and the tourism industry, all of which have played an important role in their visibility and influence in Portugal and internationally. Estremos clay figures are the jewels of Portuguese culture, and with their unique artistic charm and rich cultural connotation, they have made an important contribution to the development of Portuguese tourism and folk art.
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