In the past decade or so, the number of domestic pets has continued to increase, and keeping pets has gradually become common. During the research process of domestic and foreign scholars, they found that there is an attachment relationship between people and pets that is similar to interpersonal attachment. The existence of pets has a certain positive effect on the physical and mental health of individuals. Childhood is a critical period for individuals to establish attachment relationships, and injuries suffered during this period often have far-reaching effects. An individual's happy life experience as an adult also partly depends on whether enough security is established in the attachment relationship.
This study used the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale, the Security Scale, the Adult Attachment Scale, the Happiness Index Scale, and the Neglect subscale of the Child Psychological Abuse and Neglect Scale to conduct a questionnaire survey on 513 adults who keep pets to explore the relationship between pet attachment and subjective well-being, examining the impact of security, adult attachment, and childhood neglect. Research indicates:
(1) There is a significant pairwise positive correlation between pet attachment, security, and subjective well-being. Both pet attachment and security have a positive predictive effect on an individual’s subjective well-being. The higher the pet attachment, the greater the individual’s subjective well-being. The higher the sense of security and subjective well-being, the higher the sense of security and the higher the subjective well-being of individuals.
(2) Security plays a partial mediating role in the prediction effect of pet attachment on subjective well-being. Pet attachment can not only increase individual subjective well-being by improving the individual's sense of security, but it can also directly increase individual subjective well-being without the mediating effect of sense of security.
(3) Adult attachment plays a moderating role in the relationship between pet attachment and security, and insecure attachment style weakens the positive predictive effect of pet attachment on security.
(4) Adult attachment moderates the mediating effect of security between pet attachment and subjective well-being, and insecure attachment style offsets the positive mediating effect of security and even changes the direction of the mediating effect of security.
(5) Childhood neglect plays a moderating role in the impact of pet attachment on security. High childhood neglect weakens the positive impact of pet attachment on security.
(6) Childhood neglect moderates the mediating effect of security between pet attachment and subjective well-being. The higher the level of childhood neglect, the lower the mediating effect of security.
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77. 段建華. (1996b). 總體幸福感量表在我國大學生中的試用結果與分析. 中國臨床心理學雜誌, 4(1), 2.
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79. 胡媛豔, 鄭羽彤, & 葛纓. (2014). 大學生人際安全感問卷的編制. 中國心理衛生雜誌, 28(8), 613-617.
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81. 焦富勇, 焦文燕, & 潘建平. (2004). 防止虐待忽視兒童的醫學處理. 中國公共衛生, 2(303), t9.
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84. 李曉玉, 高冬東, & 喬紅曉. (2016). 新生代農民工心理安全感的結構探索及問卷編制. 中國臨床心理學雜誌, 24(1), 104-108.
85. 李穎, 解方舟, 丁建飛, & 何成森. (2018). 大學生童年受忽視經歷對自尊的影響:應對方式的仲介作用. 安慶師範大學學報:自然科學版, 24(1), 4.
86. 廖傳景, 胡瑜, & 張進輔. (2015). 留守兒童安全感量表編制及常模建構. 西南大學學報: 社會科學版, 41(2), 80-88.
87. 劉海燕, & 郭晶晶. (2012). 基於紮根理論的大學生心理安全感結構特點探究. 中國特殊教育(4), 5.
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94. 吳薇莉, 張偉, & 劉協和. (2004). 成人依戀量表(AAS-1996修訂版)在中國的信度和效度. 四川大學學報:醫學版, 35(4), 3.
95. 楊世昌. (2006). 兒童受虐量表、兒童被忽視量表的編制及信度效度研究 中南大學].
96. 楊文嬌. (2012). 兒童心理虐待與忽視和孤獨感:自我意識的仲介作用. 中國特殊教育(12), 6.
97. 姚春生, 何耐靈, & 沈琪. (1995). 老年大學學員主觀幸福感及有關因素分析. 中國心理衛生雜誌(6).
98. 張福蘭, 張天成, 徐濤, & 周縣委. (2022). 我國學齡前兒童忽視狀況的Meta分析. 中國預防醫學雜誌, 23(7), 6.
99. 趙海洋, 魏琦麟, 向蓉, 於進, 劉小豔, 陳萬麗, 艾琴, & 李亮. (2022). 寵物功能型產品市場規模分析報告. 廣東畜牧獸醫科技(003), 047.
100. 周霞, 鄭日昌, & 傅納. (2010). 兒童對寵物的依戀與社會性發展的關係. 中國心理衛生雜誌(2), 4.
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102. Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E., & Wall, S. N. (1978). Patterns of Attachment: A Psychological Study of the Strange Situation. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 23.
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104. Askew, H. R. (1996). Treatment of Behavior Problems in Dogs and Cats: A Guide for the Small Animal Veterinarian.
105. Barcelos, A. M., Kargas, N., Maltby, J., Hall, S., & Mills, D. S. (2020). A framework for understanding how activities associated with dog ownership relate to human well-being. Scientific reports, 10(1), 11363.
106. Barlow, M. R., Cromer, L. D., Caron, H. P., & Freyd, J. J. (2012). Comparison of normative and diagnosed dissociation on attachment to companion animals and stuffed animals. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 4(5), 501.
107. Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: a test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 61(2), 226-244.
108. Beck, L., & Madresh, E. A. (2008). Romantic partners and four-legged friends: An extension of attachment theory to relationships with pets. Anthrozoös, 21(1), 43-56.
109. Beetz, A., Uvnäs-Moberg, K., Julius, H., & Kotrschal, K. (2012). Psychosocial and psychophysiological effects of human-animal interactions: the possible role of oxytocin. Frontiers in psychology, 3, 234.
110. Benedan, L., Powell, M. B., Zajac, R., Lum, J. A. G., & Snow, P. (2018). Suggestibility in neglected children: The influence of intelligence, language, and social skills. Child Abuse & Neglect, 79, 51.
111. Bowlby, J. (1958). The nature of the child's tie to his mother. Int J Psychoanal, 39.
112. Bowlby, J. (2010). Attachment and loss: retrospect and prospect. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 52(4), 664-678.
113. Bradburn, N. M. (1969). The structure of psychological well-being. Social Service Review, 44(3).
114. Bradley, L., & Bennett, P. C. (2015). Companion-animals’ effectiveness in managing chronic pain in adult community members. Anthrozoös, 28(4), 635-647.
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