本校學位論文庫
CITYU Theses & Dissertations
論文詳情
杨子媛
張興貴
大健康學院
應用心理學碩士學位課程
碩士
2023
寵物依戀對成年人主觀幸福感的影響 : 有調節的仲介效應分析
The impact of pet attachment on adults’ subjective well-being : a moderated mediation effect analysis
寵物依戀 ; 兒童忽視 ; 成人依戀 ; 安全感 ; 主觀幸福感
Pet attachment ; child neglect ; adult attachment ; sense of security ; subjective well-being
近十幾年來，國內寵物數量不斷增加，飼養寵物逐漸變得普遍。在國內外學者的研究過程中發現人與寵物之間存在著與人際依戀類似的依戀關係，寵物的存在對於個體的身心健康都存在著一定的積極作用。兒童時期是個體建立依戀關係的關鍵期，這個時期受到的傷害往往會產生深遠的影響。個體成年之後的幸福生活體驗，也部分取決於是否在依戀關係中建立足夠的安全感。
本研究選用寵物依戀量表、安全感量表、成人依戀量表、幸福感指數量表以及兒童心理虐待與忽視量表中的忽視分量表，對513名飼養寵物的成年人進行問卷調查，探究寵物依戀與主觀幸福感的關係，檢驗安全感、成人依戀以及童年忽視在其中的影響。研究結果表明：
（1）寵物依戀、安全感、主觀幸福感之間存在著顯著的兩兩正向相關關係，寵物依戀和安全感對於個體的主觀幸福感都有著正向的預測作用，寵物依戀越高個體的安全感和主觀幸福感均越高，安全感越高個體的主觀幸福感也越高。
（2）安全感在寵物依戀對主觀幸福感的預測作用中起著部分中介作用，寵物依戀既能夠通過提高個體的安全感而增加個體的主觀幸福感，也能夠不通過安全感的中介作用直接對主觀幸福感產生影響。
（3）成人依戀在寵物依戀和安全感的關係中起著調節作用，不安全依戀風格減弱了寵物依戀對安全感的正向預測作用。
（4）成人依戀調節了安全感在寵物依戀和主觀幸福感之間的中介作用，不安全的依戀風格抵消了安全感的正向中介作用甚至轉變了安全感中介作用的方向。
（5）童年忽視在寵物依戀對安全感的影響中起著調節作用，高的童年忽視減弱了寵物依戀對安全感的正向影響。
（6）童年忽視調節了安全感在寵物依戀和主觀幸福感之間的中介作用，童年忽視水平越高，安全感的中介效應越低。
本研究選用寵物依戀量表、安全感量表、成人依戀量表、幸福感指數量表以及兒童心理虐待與忽視量表中的忽視分量表，對513名飼養寵物的成年人進行問卷調查，探究寵物依戀與主觀幸福感的關係，檢驗安全感、成人依戀以及童年忽視在其中的影響。研究結果表明：
（1）寵物依戀、安全感、主觀幸福感之間存在著顯著的兩兩正向相關關係，寵物依戀和安全感對於個體的主觀幸福感都有著正向的預測作用，寵物依戀越高個體的安全感和主觀幸福感均越高，安全感越高個體的主觀幸福感也越高。
（2）安全感在寵物依戀對主觀幸福感的預測作用中起著部分中介作用，寵物依戀既能夠通過提高個體的安全感而增加個體的主觀幸福感，也能夠不通過安全感的中介作用直接對主觀幸福感產生影響。
（3）成人依戀在寵物依戀和安全感的關係中起著調節作用，不安全依戀風格減弱了寵物依戀對安全感的正向預測作用。
（4）成人依戀調節了安全感在寵物依戀和主觀幸福感之間的中介作用，不安全的依戀風格抵消了安全感的正向中介作用甚至轉變了安全感中介作用的方向。
（5）童年忽視在寵物依戀對安全感的影響中起著調節作用，高的童年忽視減弱了寵物依戀對安全感的正向影響。
（6）童年忽視調節了安全感在寵物依戀和主觀幸福感之間的中介作用，童年忽視水平越高，安全感的中介效應越低。
In the past decade or so, the number of domestic pets has continued to increase, and keeping pets has gradually become common. During the research process of domestic and foreign scholars, they found that there is an attachment relationship between people and pets that is similar to interpersonal attachment. The existence of pets has a certain positive effect on the physical and mental health of individuals. Childhood is a critical period for individuals to establish attachment relationships, and injuries suffered during this period often have far-reaching effects. An individual's happy life experience as an adult also partly depends on whether enough security is established in the attachment relationship.
This study used the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale, the Security Scale, the Adult Attachment Scale, the Happiness Index Scale, and the Neglect subscale of the Child Psychological Abuse and Neglect Scale to conduct a questionnaire survey on 513 adults who keep pets to explore the relationship between pet attachment and subjective well-being, examining the impact of security, adult attachment, and childhood neglect. Research indicates:
(1) There is a significant pairwise positive correlation between pet attachment, security, and subjective well-being. Both pet attachment and security have a positive predictive effect on an individual’s subjective well-being. The higher the pet attachment, the greater the individual’s subjective well-being. The higher the sense of security and subjective well-being, the higher the sense of security and the higher the subjective well-being of individuals.
(2) Security plays a partial mediating role in the prediction effect of pet attachment on subjective well-being. Pet attachment can not only increase individual subjective well-being by improving the individual's sense of security, but it can also directly increase individual subjective well-being without the mediating effect of sense of security.
(3) Adult attachment plays a moderating role in the relationship between pet attachment and security, and insecure attachment style weakens the positive predictive effect of pet attachment on security.
(4) Adult attachment moderates the mediating effect of security between pet attachment and subjective well-being, and insecure attachment style offsets the positive mediating effect of security and even changes the direction of the mediating effect of security.
(5) Childhood neglect plays a moderating role in the impact of pet attachment on security. High childhood neglect weakens the positive impact of pet attachment on security.
(6) Childhood neglect moderates the mediating effect of security between pet attachment and subjective well-being. The higher the level of childhood neglect, the lower the mediating effect of security.
This study used the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale, the Security Scale, the Adult Attachment Scale, the Happiness Index Scale, and the Neglect subscale of the Child Psychological Abuse and Neglect Scale to conduct a questionnaire survey on 513 adults who keep pets to explore the relationship between pet attachment and subjective well-being, examining the impact of security, adult attachment, and childhood neglect. Research indicates:
(1) There is a significant pairwise positive correlation between pet attachment, security, and subjective well-being. Both pet attachment and security have a positive predictive effect on an individual’s subjective well-being. The higher the pet attachment, the greater the individual’s subjective well-being. The higher the sense of security and subjective well-being, the higher the sense of security and the higher the subjective well-being of individuals.
(2) Security plays a partial mediating role in the prediction effect of pet attachment on subjective well-being. Pet attachment can not only increase individual subjective well-being by improving the individual's sense of security, but it can also directly increase individual subjective well-being without the mediating effect of sense of security.
(3) Adult attachment plays a moderating role in the relationship between pet attachment and security, and insecure attachment style weakens the positive predictive effect of pet attachment on security.
(4) Adult attachment moderates the mediating effect of security between pet attachment and subjective well-being, and insecure attachment style offsets the positive mediating effect of security and even changes the direction of the mediating effect of security.
(5) Childhood neglect plays a moderating role in the impact of pet attachment on security. High childhood neglect weakens the positive impact of pet attachment on security.
(6) Childhood neglect moderates the mediating effect of security between pet attachment and subjective well-being. The higher the level of childhood neglect, the lower the mediating effect of security.
2023
中文
84
致 謝 I
摘 要 II
Abstract IV
目 錄 VI
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 X
第一章 緒 論 11
1.1. 背景 11
1.2. 研究意義 13
1.2.1. 理論意義 13
1.2.2. 實踐意義 13
1.3研究目標 14
1.4研究內容 14
第二章 文獻綜述與理論基礎 16
2.1依戀理論 16
2.1.1依戀的概念 16
2.1.2成人依戀的發展 17
2.1.3成人依戀的測量 18
2.2寵物依戀：依戀理論的拓展 20
2.2.1寵物依戀的發展 20
2.2.2寵物依戀的測量 22
2.3童年忽視 23
2.3.1童年忽視的概念 23
2.3.2童年忽視的測量 24
2.4安全感 25
2.4.1安全感的概念 25
2.4.2安全感的測量 26
2.5主觀幸福感 27
2.5.1主觀幸福感的概念 27
2.5.2主觀幸福感的測量 28
第三章 研究假設與模型 30
3.1研究假設 30
3.1.1寵物依戀與主觀幸福感的關係 30
3.1.2安全感與主觀幸福感的關係 32
3.1.3安全感的中介作用 32
3.1.4成人依戀的調節作用 33
3.1.5童年忽視的調節作用 34
3.2研究模型 36
第四章 研究方法 37
4.1研究對象 37
4.2研究工具 39
4.3共同方法偏差檢驗 41
4.4數據分析 41
第五章 研究結果與分析 42
5.1人口學變量對各變量的影響分析 42
5.1.1各變量的描述性統計 42
5.1.2各變量在性別上的差異檢驗 43
5.1.3各變量在年齡段上的差異檢驗 43
5.1.4各變量在婚姻狀況上的差異檢驗 45
5.1.5各變量在學歷上的差異檢驗 46
5.1.6各變量在平均月收入上的差異檢驗 48
5.1.7各變量之間的相關性分析 49
5.2理論假設檢驗 50
5.2.1安全感的中介作用 50
5.2.2成人依戀類型和童年忽視的調節作用 52
5.3假設檢驗結果 57
第六章 討論 58
6.1研究結果討論 58
6.1.1人口學變量與各變量的關係討論 58
6.1.2寵物依戀的主效應討論 59
6.1.3安全感的中介效應討論 60
6.1.4成人依戀和童年忽視的調節效應討論 61
6.2結論與建議 63
6.2.1研究結論 63
6.2.2研究貢獻 64
6.2.3建議 65
6.3不足與展望 66
6.3.1研究不足 66
6.3.2研究展望 67
參考文獻 68
附 錄：調查問卷 79
摘 要 II
Abstract IV
目 錄 VI
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 X
第一章 緒 論 11
1.1. 背景 11
1.2. 研究意義 13
1.2.1. 理論意義 13
1.2.2. 實踐意義 13
1.3研究目標 14
1.4研究內容 14
第二章 文獻綜述與理論基礎 16
2.1依戀理論 16
2.1.1依戀的概念 16
2.1.2成人依戀的發展 17
2.1.3成人依戀的測量 18
2.2寵物依戀：依戀理論的拓展 20
2.2.1寵物依戀的發展 20
2.2.2寵物依戀的測量 22
2.3童年忽視 23
2.3.1童年忽視的概念 23
2.3.2童年忽視的測量 24
2.4安全感 25
2.4.1安全感的概念 25
2.4.2安全感的測量 26
2.5主觀幸福感 27
2.5.1主觀幸福感的概念 27
2.5.2主觀幸福感的測量 28
第三章 研究假設與模型 30
3.1研究假設 30
3.1.1寵物依戀與主觀幸福感的關係 30
3.1.2安全感與主觀幸福感的關係 32
3.1.3安全感的中介作用 32
3.1.4成人依戀的調節作用 33
3.1.5童年忽視的調節作用 34
3.2研究模型 36
第四章 研究方法 37
4.1研究對象 37
4.2研究工具 39
4.3共同方法偏差檢驗 41
4.4數據分析 41
第五章 研究結果與分析 42
5.1人口學變量對各變量的影響分析 42
5.1.1各變量的描述性統計 42
5.1.2各變量在性別上的差異檢驗 43
5.1.3各變量在年齡段上的差異檢驗 43
5.1.4各變量在婚姻狀況上的差異檢驗 45
5.1.5各變量在學歷上的差異檢驗 46
5.1.6各變量在平均月收入上的差異檢驗 48
5.1.7各變量之間的相關性分析 49
5.2理論假設檢驗 50
5.2.1安全感的中介作用 50
5.2.2成人依戀類型和童年忽視的調節作用 52
5.3假設檢驗結果 57
第六章 討論 58
6.1研究結果討論 58
6.1.1人口學變量與各變量的關係討論 58
6.1.2寵物依戀的主效應討論 59
6.1.3安全感的中介效應討論 60
6.1.4成人依戀和童年忽視的調節效應討論 61
6.2結論與建議 63
6.2.1研究結論 63
6.2.2研究貢獻 64
6.2.3建議 65
6.3不足與展望 66
6.3.1研究不足 66
6.3.2研究展望 67
參考文獻 68
附 錄：調查問卷 79
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