本校學位論文庫
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王琳
張冉
商學院
工商管理博士學位(DBA)課程(中文學制)
博士
2023
社會規範對製造業企業員工綠色行為的影響研究 : 基於面子意識和集體主義傾向的調節
Research on the Impact of Social Norms on Green Behavior of Manufacturing Enterprise Employees : The moderating effect based on face consciousness and collectivism
社會規範 ; 個人規範 ; 面子意識 ; 集體主義傾向 ; 員工綠色行為
social norms ; personal norms ; face consciousness ; collectivism ; employee green behavior
公開日期:14/5/2027
伴隨著經濟的快速增長,中國的環境問題日益凸顯,已成為可持續發展議題中無法規避的重要一環。越來越多的企業開始主動承擔起環境保護的責任,積極促進生態可持續發展。然而,企業綠色措施的推行與落地,需要依靠每一個員工的積極參與。在中國的社會關係結構下,員工日常工作時周邊領導和同事等社會互動會對員工產生影響。不同文化背景的個體在綠色行為及其影響因素上展現出巨大差異。基於以上背景,本研究從中國社會文化情境視角,探究社會規範對製造業企業員工綠色行為的影響及作用機制。本研究廣泛搜索國內外文獻,基於計畫行為理論、規範激活理論和規範行為焦點理論,構建了社會規範對製造業企業員工綠色行為影響的理論模型。
本研究採用混合研究方法。一方面,在質性研究階段,本研究採取半結構化訪談形式進行深度訪談,全面瞭解製造業企業員工的社會規範和綠色行為等特徵,對訪談資料深入挖掘,初步掌握變量間的關係。另一方面,在量化研究階段,本研究進行問卷調研,採用結構方程模型等多種實證方法,分析了社會規範、個人規範、責任感知和員工綠色行為之間的關係,並且研究了面子意識和集體主義傾向這兩個社會文化因素的作用。
研究結果顯示:(1)各變量在人口統計學上具有一定的差異性。員工的性別、年齡、學歷、工作年限、職位、所在企業性質和企業規模,在不同變量中存在一定的差異性。(2)社會規範對員工綠色行為有直接影響作用。命令性社會規範、描述性社會規範、個人規範和責任感知對員工的綠色行為均具有顯著的促進作用。在影響員工綠色行為的直接作用中,描述性社會規範的直接促進作用最大,其次為命令性社會規範。命令性社會規範和描述性社會規範兩者相比,命令性社會規範對責任感知的影響相對較大,而描述性社會規範對個人規範的影響更大。(3)責任感知和個人規範具有中介作用,面子意識和集體主義傾向具有調節作用。研究發現命令性社會規範和描述性社會規範都可以通過增強員工的責任感知和個人規範,間接促進員工的綠色行為。在社會規範影響責任感知的路徑中,面子意識均發揮正向調節作用。在社會規範影響個人規範的路徑中,集體主義傾向均發揮正向調節作用。因此,面子意識可促進社會規範向責任感知的轉化,集體主義傾向可促進社會規範向個人規範的轉化。
本研究具有一定的理論貢獻和實踐指導意義。一方面,本研究從社會規範和個人規範雙角度研究員工的綠色行為,豐富了員工綠色行為的研究視角;探索了社會規範對員工綠色行為的深層影響機制,豐富了員工綠色行為的現有理論分析框架;將面子意識和集體主義傾向這兩種社會文化因素引入員工綠色行為的研究,豐富了員工綠色行為的研究內容。另一方面,本研究從促進員工對綠色行為的社會規範感知,提升員工的責任感知,培育員工綠色行為的個人規範,激發員工的面子意識,重視集體主義文化的弘揚等方面提出了對策和建議,有助於提高製造業企業在綠色管理方面的實踐水準。
With the rapid economic growth, China's environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. It has become an important part of the sustainable development issue that cannot be avoided. More and more companies are taking the initiative to take responsibility for environmental protection and actively promote ecological sustainable development. However, the implementation of corporate green measures requires the active participation of every employee. Under China's social relationship structure, the social interactions between employees such as leaders and colleagues during daily work will have an impact on employees. Individuals with different cultural backgrounds exhibit significant differences in green behavior and its influencing factors. Based on the above background, this study explores the influence and mechanism of social norms on green behavior of manufacturing employees from the perspective of Chinese social and cultural context. This study extensively searched domestic and foreign literature, and constructed a theoretical model of the influence of social norms on green behavior of manufacturing employees based on planned behavior theory, norm activation theory, and normative behavior focus theory.
This study adopts a mixed research method. On the one hand, during the qualitative research stage, this study conducted in-depth interviews in the form of semi-structured interviews to comprehensively understand the social norms and green behavior characteristics of employees in manufacturing enterprises. The interview information was further explored to preliminarily grasp the relationship between variables. On the other hand, in the quantitative research stage, this study conducted a questionnaire survey and used various empirical methods such as structural equation modeling to analyze the relationship between social norms, personal norms, perception of responsibility and employee green behavior. The study also investigated the role of face awareness and collectivism as two social and cultural factors.
The research results show that: (1) There are certain differences in demographic characteristics among various variables. There are certain differences in variables such as gender, age, education level, years of work experience, employee position, enterprise quality and enterprise scale. (2) Social norms have a direct impact on employee green behavior. Imperative social norms, descriptive social norms, personal norms and sense of responsibility all have a significant promoting effect on employee green behavior. Among the direct effects on employee green behavior, descriptive social norms have the greatest promoting effect, followed by imperative social norms. Compared to descriptive social norms, imperative social norms have a relatively greater impact on the perception of responsibility, while descriptive social norms have a greater impact on individual norms. (3) Perception of responsibility and personal norms have a mediating effect, while face consciousness and collectivism have a moderating effect. Research has found that both injunctive and descriptive social norms can indirectly promote green behavior among employees by enhancing their sense of responsibility and personal norms. In social norms that influence the perception of responsibility, face consciousness plays a positive moderating role. In social norms that influence individual norms, collectivism play a positive moderating role. Therefore, face consciousness can promote the transformation of social norms into sense of responsibility, and collectivism can promote the transformation of social norms into individual norms.
This study has certain theoretical contributions and practical guidance significance. On the one hand, this study investigates the green behavior of employees from the perspective of social norms and personal norms, which enriches the research perspective of employee green behavior. This study reveals the deep impact mechanism of social norms and personal norms on employee behavior, enriching the existing theoretical analysis framework of employee green behavior. In addition, this study introduces two social and cultural factors, face consciousness and collectivism, into the study of employee green behavior, enriching the research content of employee green behavior. On the other hand, this study proposes some countermeasures and suggestions for enterprises, including: promoting employees' perception of social norms regarding green behavior, enhancing employees' sense of responsibility, cultivating personal norms for green behavior, stimulating employee face consciousness, and emphasizing the promotion of collectivist culture, which helps to improve the practical level of green management in enterprises.
2024
中文
195
致 謝 I
摘 要 IV
Abstract VI
圖目錄 XIII
表目錄 XIV
第一章 緒論 17
1.1 研究背景和意義 17
1.1.1研究背景 17
1.1.2研究意義 21
1.2 研究目標和內容 22
1.2.1 研究目標 22
1.2.2 研究對象 23
1.2.3 研究內容 24
1.3 研究方法和思路 26
1.3.1研究方法 26
1.3.2 研究思路 28
第二章 研究現狀及文獻綜述 31
2.1 研究現狀 31
2.1.1員工綠色行為研究現狀 31
2.1.2社會規範研究現狀 39
2.1.3個人規範研究現狀 42
2.1.4責任感知研究現狀 44
2.1.5面子意識研究現狀 46
2.1.6集體主義傾向研究現狀 49
2.1.7各變量之間的關係 51
2.2研究述評 54
第三章 理論基礎和研究假設 56
3.1 理論基礎 56
3.1.1 計畫行為理論 56
3.1.2 規範激活理論 57
3.1.3 規範行為焦點理論 60
3.2 研究假設與模型構建 61
3.2.1 概念界定與研究假設 61
3.2.2 研究模型 70
第四章 質性研究 72
4.1 訪談設計與樣本 72
4.2 訪談內容分析 75
4.2.1員工綠色行為分析 75
4.2.2 社會規範影響員工綠色行為分析 79
4.3各變量間關係的經驗性材料 82
4.3.1責任感知的中介作用 82
4.3.2個人規範的中介作用 85
4.3.3面子意識的調節作用 88
4.3.4集體主義傾向的調節作用 90
4.4訪談結果匯總 93
第五章 研究模型的定量分析 95
5.1 調查問卷與量表選用 95
5.1.1調查問卷設計 95
5.1.2調查問卷量表選用 95
5.2 預調研數據分析 100
5.2.1預調研樣本情況 100
5.2.2預調研樣本共同方法偏差檢驗 103
5.2.3預調研樣本信度和效度檢驗 104
5.3正式調研數據分析 111
5.3.1正式調研數據來源 111
5.3.2員工和企業基本特徵 112
5.3.3共同方法偏差檢驗 114
5.4數據質量分析 115
5.4.1信度和效度檢驗 115
5.4.2驗證性因子分析 124
5.5相關分析與人口統計學差異分析 120
5.5.1相關分析 120
5.5.2主要變量在人口統計學上的差異分析 122
5.6研究模型的假設檢驗 128
5.6.1直接效應檢驗 128
5.6.2中介效應檢驗 130
5.6.3調節效應檢驗 131
5.7假設檢驗結果匯總 147
第六章 研究結論及建議 149
6.1 研究結論 149
6.2 理論貢獻 151
6.3 管理啟示 153
6.3.1促進員工對綠色行為的社會規範感知 154
6.3.2發揮社會規範作用以提升員工的責任感知程度 155
6.3.3激發員工綠色行為的個人規範 156
6.3.4合理激發員工的面子意識 157
6.3.6重視集體主義文化的弘揚 158
第七章 研究不足與展望 160
參考文獻 162
作者簡歷 165
附錄A 185
附錄B 185
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