本校學位論文庫
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李依静
李璽
國際旅遊與管理學院
國際款待與旅遊業管理碩士學位課程 (中文學制)
碩士
2023
基於風險感知和壓力應對視角下, 遊客出行決策機制的研究
A Study on the Mechanism of Tourists' Travel Decision-Making Based on the Perspective of Risk Perception and Stress Coping
旅遊危機 ; 風險感知 ; 壓力應對策略 ; 出遊意向
Tourism Crisis ; Risk Perception ; Stress Coping Strategies ; Intention to Travel
得益於經濟水準的提高和國家政策的支持，我國旅遊業發展如火如荼、勢頭迅猛，但由於旅遊業本身具有敏感性、脆弱性和依賴性，一些突發事件和不確定因素會影響旅遊業的發展，有可能會導致旅遊危機事件的出現，旅遊危機事件的出現，可能對遊客的出遊意願產生相關影響。基於此，本研究側重探討在有旅遊危機事件發生的情況下，遊客仍“偏向虎山行”的意向。旅遊者如何通過應對策略來評估危機風險、緩解自身壓力，從而堅持出遊意向，關於這部分的研究卻不多見。基於此本文將風險感知的兩個維度和應對策略的兩個維度為變數，探究在旅遊危機事件發生的背景下，遊客應對風險和決策執行對出遊意向的重要性的研究。
因此，本研究基於風險感知理論和壓力應對理論，立足於相關研究成果，構建起三者關係的結構方程模式，通過驗證最後得出本文研究結論：（1）易感性對以問題為中心的應對策略有重要影響；（2）易感性對以情緒為中心的應對策略有重要影響；（3）嚴重性對以問題為中心的應對策略有重要影響（4）嚴重性對以情緒為中心的應對策略有重要影響；（5）以問題為中心的應對策略對出遊意向有重要影響；（6）以情緒為中心的應對策略對出遊意向有重要影響；
因此，本研究基於風險感知理論和壓力應對理論，立足於相關研究成果，構建起三者關係的結構方程模式，通過驗證最後得出本文研究結論：（1）易感性對以問題為中心的應對策略有重要影響；（2）易感性對以情緒為中心的應對策略有重要影響；（3）嚴重性對以問題為中心的應對策略有重要影響（4）嚴重性對以情緒為中心的應對策略有重要影響；（5）以問題為中心的應對策略對出遊意向有重要影響；（6）以情緒為中心的應對策略對出遊意向有重要影響；
Thanks to the improvement of economic standards and the support of national policies, the development of China's tourism industry is in full swing and gaining momentum. However, due to the sensitivity,vulnerability and dependence of the tourism industry, some unexpected events and uncertainties will affect the development of the tourism industry, which may lead to the emergence of tourism crises, and the emergence of tourism crises may have a relevant impact on the willingness of tourists to travel. Therefore, this study focuses on the intention of tourists to travel to the tiger mountain despite the occurrence of a tourism crisis. However, there is not much research on how tourists assess the risk of a crisis and relieve their stress through coping strategies, so as to maintain their intention to travel. In this paper, two dimensions of risk perception and two dimensions of coping strategies are used as variables to investigate the importance of risk management and decision-making on travel intentions in the context of tourism crises.
Therefore, based on the risk perception theory and stress coping theory, this study constructs a structural equation model of the relationship between the three, based on relevant research results, and finally concludes through validation that:（1）susceptibility has an important impact on problem-centred coping strategies; (2) susceptibility has an important impact on emotion-centred coping strategies; (3) seriousness has an important impact on problem-centred coping strategies; (4) seriousness has an important impact on problem-centred coping strategies; and (5) seriousness has an important impact on problem-centred coping strategies. important effect on problem-centred coping strategies; (4) severity has an important effect on emotion-centred coping strategies; (5) problem-centred coping strategies have an important effect on intention to travel; and (6) emotion-centred coping strategies have an important effect on intention to travel
Therefore, based on the risk perception theory and stress coping theory, this study constructs a structural equation model of the relationship between the three, based on relevant research results, and finally concludes through validation that:（1）susceptibility has an important impact on problem-centred coping strategies; (2) susceptibility has an important impact on emotion-centred coping strategies; (3) seriousness has an important impact on problem-centred coping strategies; (4) seriousness has an important impact on problem-centred coping strategies; and (5) seriousness has an important impact on problem-centred coping strategies. important effect on problem-centred coping strategies; (4) severity has an important effect on emotion-centred coping strategies; (5) problem-centred coping strategies have an important effect on intention to travel; and (6) emotion-centred coping strategies have an important effect on intention to travel
2024
中文
76
致 謝 3
摘要 5
Abstract I
圖目錄 1
表目錄 2
第一章 緒論 3
1.1研究背景及意義 3
1.2研究的目的及問題 7
1.3研究方法及框架 8
第二章 文獻綜述 10
2.1 相關概念及研究 10
2.1.1 旅遊危機 10
2.1.2 風險感知 15
2.1.3 出遊意向 19
2.2理論背景 22
2.2.1 風險感知理論 22
2.2.2 壓力應對理論 25
第三章 概念模型與假設 31
3.1提出假設 31
3.2概念模型 32
3.3研究設計 33
3.4問卷設計 36
3.5數據分析 38
第四章 數據分析與假設驗證 41
4.1 描述性統計分析 41
4.2 信效度分析 45
4.3結構方程模型檢驗 48
第五章 研究結論與展望 53
5.1研究結論 53
5.2理論啟示 54
5.3管理啟示 56
5.4研究局限及展望 59
參考文獻 62
作者簡歷 69
附 錄 70
摘要 5
Abstract I
圖目錄 1
表目錄 2
第一章 緒論 3
1.1研究背景及意義 3
1.2研究的目的及問題 7
1.3研究方法及框架 8
第二章 文獻綜述 10
2.1 相關概念及研究 10
2.1.1 旅遊危機 10
2.1.2 風險感知 15
2.1.3 出遊意向 19
2.2理論背景 22
2.2.1 風險感知理論 22
2.2.2 壓力應對理論 25
第三章 概念模型與假設 31
3.1提出假設 31
3.2概念模型 32
3.3研究設計 33
3.4問卷設計 36
3.5數據分析 38
第四章 數據分析與假設驗證 41
4.1 描述性統計分析 41
4.2 信效度分析 45
4.3結構方程模型檢驗 48
第五章 研究結論與展望 53
5.1研究結論 53
5.2理論啟示 54
5.3管理啟示 56
5.4研究局限及展望 59
參考文獻 62
作者簡歷 69
附 錄 70
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29. Parasuraman, A. B. L. L., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. 1988, 64(1), 12-40.
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31. Roehl W S, Fesenmaier D R. Risk perceptions and pleasure travel: An exploratory analysis. Journal of Travel research, 1992, 30(4): 17-26.
32. Sedgley D, Haven-Tang C, Espeso-Molinero P. Social tourism & older people: the IMSERSO initiative. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism Leisure and Events, 2018, 10(3): 286-304.
33. Sönmez, S. F., & Graefe, A. R. (1998). Determining future travel behavior from past travel experience and perceptions of risk and safety. Journal of travel research, 37(2), 171-177.
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2. Adam, I. (2015). Backpackers' risk perceptions and risk reduction strategies in Ghana. Tourism Management, 49, 99-108.
3. Agyeiwaah, E., Adam, I., Dayour, F., & Badu Baiden, F. (2021). Perceived impacts of COVID-19 on risk perceptions, emotions, and travel intentions: evidence from Macau higher educational institutions. Tourism Recreation Research, 46(2), 195-211.
4. Ajzen, I., & Driver, B. L. (1992). Application of the theory of planned behavior to leisure choice. Journal of leisure research, 24(3), 207-224.
5. Bauer, R. A. (1960). Consumer behavior as risk taking. In Proceedings of the 43rd National Conference of the American Marketing Assocation, June 15, 16, 17, Chicago, Illinois, 1960. American Marketing Association.
6. Becken S, Jin X, Zhang C, et al. Urban air pollution in China: destination image and risk perceptions. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2017, 25(1): 130-147.
7. Chen, C. F., & Tsai, D. (2007). How destination image and evaluative factors affect behavioral intentions?. Tourism management, 28(4), 1115-1122.
8. Chai SS, Cao YM, Long CF. A study on the factors affecting tourists’ risk perception based on the multiple regression model. J. Ocean Univ. China Soc. Sci. 2011;3:60-7.
9. Ciccozzi M, Tosti M E, Gallo G, et al. Risk of hepatitis a infection following travel. Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 2002, 9 (6): 460-465.
10. Cioccio L, Michael E J. Hazard or disaster: Tourism management for the inevitable in Northeast Victoria. Tourism Management, 2007, 28(1): 1-11.
11. Cori, L., Bianchi, F., Cadum, E., & Anthonj, C. (2020). Risk perception and COVID-19. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(9), 3114.
12. Ding, Y., Ishibashi, R., Abe, T., Honda, A., & Sugiura, M. (2022). Major Coping-behavior and Risk-perception Factors for the COVID-19 Pandemic and their Psychobehavioral Characteristics.
13. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1977). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research.
14. Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Harcourt brace Jovanovich college publishers.
15. Garg A. Travel risks vs tourist decision making: A tourist perspective. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Systems, 2015, 8(1): 1-9.
16. Gerhold, L. (2020). COVID-19: risk perception and coping strategies.
17. Han, S., Yoon, A., Kim, M. J., & Yoon, J. H. (2022). What influences tourist behaviors during and after the COVID-19 pandemic? Focusing on theories of risk, coping, and resilience. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 50, 355-365.
18. Hasan, M. K., Ismail, A. R., and Islam M. F. Tourist Risk Perceptions and Revisit Intention: A Critical Review of Literature[J]. Cogent Business & Management, 2017, 4(1): 1-21.
19. Hicks, S., & Brown, S. (2013). Perceptions of risk: A review of the effects of individual and community-level variables on perceptions of risk. International Review of Victimology, 19(3), 249-267.
20. Kapuscinski G, Richards B. News framing effects on destination risk perception[J]. Tourism Management, 2016, 57(dec.):234-244
21. Krok, D., & Zarzycka, B. (2020). Risk perception of COVID-19, meaning-based resources and psychological well-being amongst healthcare personnel: The mediating role of coping. Journal of clinical medicine, 9(10), 3225.
22. Lee, S., Jeon, S., & Kim, D. (2011). The impact of tour quality and tourist satisfaction on tourist loyalty: The case of Chinese tourists in Korea. Tourism management, 32(5), 1115-1124.
23. Lepp, A., & Gibson, H. (2008). Sensation seeking and tourism: Tourist role, perception of risk and destination choice. Tourism management, 29(4), 740-750.
24. Lepp A, Gibson H. Tourism and World Cup Football amidst Perceptions of Risk: The Case of South Africa. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 2011, 11(3): 286-305.
25. LoPorto, J., & Spina, K. E. (2021). Risk Perception and Coping Strategies among Direct Support Professionals in the Age of COVID-19. Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences, 15(1), 201-216.
26. Li, D. J., Ko, N. Y., Chang, Y. P., Yen, C. F., & Chen, Y. L. (2021). Mediating effects of risk perception on association between social support and coping with COVID-19: an online survey. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1550.
27. Lima, M. L., Barnett, J., & Vala, J. (2005). Risk perception and technological development at a societal level. Risk Analysis: An International Journal, 25(5), 1229-1239.
28. Moutinho. L. Ballantyne, R. Rate, S. Consumer behavior in tourism[J]. Strategic Management in Tourism, 2011(2): 83-126.
29. Parasuraman, A. B. L. L., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. 1988, 64(1), 12-40.
30. Park, E., Scherer, C. W., & Glynn, C. J. (2001). Community involvement and risk perception at personal and societal levels. Health, Risk & Society, 3(3), 281-292.
31. Roehl W S, Fesenmaier D R. Risk perceptions and pleasure travel: An exploratory analysis. Journal of Travel research, 1992, 30(4): 17-26.
32. Sedgley D, Haven-Tang C, Espeso-Molinero P. Social tourism & older people: the IMSERSO initiative. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism Leisure and Events, 2018, 10(3): 286-304.
33. Sönmez, S. F., & Graefe, A. R. (1998). Determining future travel behavior from past travel experience and perceptions of risk and safety. Journal of travel research, 37(2), 171-177.
34. Spedden, S. E. (2013). Risk perception and coping. In The Environment and Mental Health (pp. 103-114). Routledge.
35. Slater, S., & Bosangit, C. (2021). Consumer evaluations of the tourist industry’s response to the COVID-19 crisis and their attitudes towards future travel.
36. Slovic, P. (1988). Risk perception. Carcinogen risk assessment, 171-181.
37. Slovic P. Perception of risk[J]. Science，1987，236(4799):280-285.
38. Smith, V. K., & Desvousges, W. H. (1988). Risk perception, learning, and individual behavior. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 70(5), 1113-1117.
39. Tarlow, P. E. (2014). Strategies for Effectively Managing Travel Risk and Safety. Tourism Security.
40. Tarlow, P. (2014). Tourism security: strategies for effectively managing travel risk and safety. Elsevier.
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