In the context of China's increasingly severe aging population and declining birth rate, we are also facing the challenge of a continuously rising infertility rate among couples of childbearing age. In addition to technological innovation in the medical field to improve the success rate and quality of in vitro fertilization (IVF), it is equally important to pay attention to the psychological state of IVF women on their path to motherhood. This not only promotes individual physical and mental health but also contributes to the health and fertility welfare of the entire society. This study employs a combination of survey questionnaires, dream analysis, and case studies, consisting of the following four research components:
Study 1 involved a questionnaire survey of women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment at the Reproductive Center. A total of 451 questionnaires were distributed, with 416 valid responses collected, resulting in a recovery rate of 92.2%. The survey included general situation investigation forms, State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), Body Appreciation Scale II (BAS-2), Brief Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECR-S), and Marital Subjective Feelings Scale (MPS). The study found that: (1) IVF women are more anxious than the general female population, especially those under 30 and those who are having children due to family pressure, with anxiety levels increasing with the number of treatment cycles. (2) The body appreciation and attachment relationships of IVF women have a certain stability and do not continue to fluctuate with an increase in the number of treatment cycles. (3) The marital satisfaction of IVF women is relatively low, but women with higher levels of education and family income have higher satisfaction. (4) The state anxiety caused by infertility does not directly affect marital subjective feelings but influences them through body appreciation and attachment avoidance mediation.
Study 2 had the same research subjects as Study 1, conducting follow-ups with IVF women about 14 days after embryo transfer. A total of 363 participants were followed up, with 53 missing. Among them, 181 successfully became pregnant (accounting for 49.9%), and 182 did not become pregnant (accounting for 50.1%). The study found that: (1) Age factor: With increasing age, women's fertility capacity declines, which is manifested in IVF treatment as a reduction in pregnancy opportunities. The main reasons are the decrease in ovarian reserve capacity and the decline in egg quality. (2) Anxiety level: When the cause of infertility is mainly in women, the anxiety level has a significant negative impact on pregnancy outcomes. (3) Marital quality: When the cause of infertility is a situation involving both spouses, marital subjective feelings have a positive and significant predictive effect on pregnancy outcomes. A good marital relationship may provide necessary emotional support and stability, thereby helping to improve the success rate of treatment.
Study 3 analyzed the dreams of IVF women, recruiting 5 IVF women who voluntarily participated in the dream study through the reproductive department. The study found that: (1) The percentage of family members in the dreams of IVF women is significantly higher than that of ordinary women, which is related to their insecure attachment relationships, reflecting a stronger demand for security and intimacy; (2) The friendly behavior towards female characters in the dreams of IVF women is significantly higher than that of ordinary women, which is related to their "mother complex," reflecting their unconscious exploration of the maternal role and the need for maternal nourishment and protection; pregnant IVF women show a significant decrease in friendly behavior towards female characters and an increase in aggressive behavior towards male characters in their dreams, reflecting their adaptation and redefinition of the maternal role after pregnancy. (3) Dreams are an expression of IVF women's unconscious search for personal growth and self-actualization in the face of infertility crises.
Study 4 selected three IVF women as research subjects for in-depth psychological analysis. The study found that: (1) Infertility activates the attachment patterns of IVF women. (2) Infertility is a challenge to the self-identity of IVF women. (3) Based on Jung's dream work method, a psychological analysis work model for IVF women was constructed to understand their psychological journey in becoming mothers, focusing on their experiences in attachment relationships and self-identity, which can effectively support IVF women in dealing with psychological challenges they face.
Conclusion: IVF women are more anxious than the general female population, especially those under 30 and those who are having children due to family pressure, with higher anxiety levels associated with more treatment cycles. The marital satisfaction of IVF women is relatively low, particularly among those with lower levels of education and family income, but their body appreciation and attachment relationships show a certain stability. State anxiety has a significant negative impact on pregnancy outcomes, while marital subjective feelings have a positive and significant predictive effect on pregnancy outcomes; reducing anxiety levels and improving marital relationships can help increase the success rate of treatment. The dreams of IVF women reflect their insecure attachment relationships, and relationships with female figures in dreams may be related to their "mother complex." Infertility activates the attachment patterns of IVF women; infertility is also a challenge to the self-identity of IVF women; using Jung's dream work method as a basis can effectively support IVF women in dealing with the psychological challenges they face.
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