本校學位論文庫
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苏柏毅
周鳴泉
商學院
工商管理碩士學位(MBA)課程(中文學制)
碩士
銀行數字化轉型對商業銀行風險的影響
The impact of digital transformation of banks on commercial banks’ risk
數字化轉型 ; 商業銀行 ; 銀行穩定性 ; 專利
Digital transformation ; Bank stability ; Patents ; Commercial banks
公開日期：2/5/2028
近年來，商業銀行作為中國經濟體系的重要組成部分，面臨著巨大的挑戰。一方面，中國經濟發展放緩，個人與企業的貸款需求不足，影響了商業銀行的傳統利息收入。另一方面，隨著中央銀行不斷採取下調貸款基准利率等貨幣政策，商業銀行的淨息差進一步下降。銀行數字化轉型被認為是面對這些挑戰的一個重要手段。然而，銀行數字化轉型在為商業銀行帶來優勢的同時，也為商業銀行帶來了新的風險。因此，研究銀行數字化轉型對商業銀行風險的影響具有重要意義。為了研究上述問題，本研究首先對研究現狀進行了評述，並基於此推出本研究的研究假設。其次，本研究通過對專利文檔的摘要進行文本挖掘的方法構建了銀行級數字化轉型指數，用於衡量商業銀行自身的數字化轉型水平。經過與現有指數對比，本研究構建的銀行數字化轉型指數較好地反映了銀行的數字化轉型水平。最後，為了驗證銀行數字化轉型對商業銀行風險的影響，本研究構建了由2015年至2023年的53家中國商業銀行組成的數據集，並進行了實證檢驗。研究結果表明，銀行數字化轉型總體上增加了商業銀行的風險。同時，運營和客戶獲取、風險管理和戰略基礎設施的數字化轉型也增加了商業銀行的風險。在對銀行所有權特征的異質性分析中，銀行數字化轉型增加了政治關聯銀行的風險，但卻降低了私營或外資銀行的風險。在對銀行上市狀態特征的異質性分析中，銀行數字化轉型增加了上市銀行的風險，對非上市銀行的影響並不顯著。根據上述研究結論，本研究建議商業銀行可以從實施多元化經營策略、建立風險預警機制、強化人機協同決策制度、加強管理層科技風險意識、分階段投資策略、與外部資本或機構合作、增強市場監督力、推動長期激勵機制設計等方式降低銀行風險水平。
In recent years, commercial banks, as critical components of the economic system, have encountered substantial challenges. On one hand, the slowdown in China's economic growth and the decline in loan demand from individuals and businesses have reduced the traditional interest income of commercial banks. On the other hand, the central bank's monetary policies, such as reductions in the benchmark loan interest rate, have further decreased the net interest margin of commercial banks. Digital transformation is perceived as a potential solution to these challenges. However, while digital transformation offers advantages, it also introduces new risks. Consequently, it is essential to examine how financial technology impacts the risks faced by commercial banks. This study addresses these issues by first reviewing existing research and proposing research hypotheses grounded in theories such as the "long tail theory" and the "technology spillover theory." Subsequently, a bank-level digital transformation index is constructed using text mining techniques on patent document abstracts to evaluate the digital transformation efforts of commercial banks. This index is compared with an existing one, demonstrating its capacity to reflect banks' digital transformation. Finally, utilizing a dataset of 53 Chinese commercial banks spanning 2015 to 2023, this study examines the impact of digital transformation on commercial banks' risk profiles. The findings of the study indicate that the digital transformation of banks has increased the risk of commercial banks in general. At the same time, the digital transformation of operations and customer acquisition, risk management and strategic infrastructure also increased the risk of commercial banks. In the heterogeneity analysis of bank ownership characteristics, bank digital transformation increases the risk of politically connected banks but decreases the risk of private or foreign banks. In the heterogeneity analysis of banks' listing status characteristics, the digital transformation of banks increases the risk of listed banks and has no significant effect on unlisted banks. Based on the above findings, this study suggests that commercial banks can reduce the level of bank risk by implementing diversified business strategies, establishing a risk alert mechanism, strengthening the human-machine collaborative decision-making system, enhancing management's awareness of technological risk, phased investment strategies, co-operating with external capital or organisations, strengthening market supervision, and promoting the design of long-term incentive mechanisms.
2025
中文
65
致 謝 I
摘 要 III
Abstract V
目 錄 VII
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 X
第一章 緒 論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目標 2
1.3 研究意義 2
1.3.1 理論意義 2
1.3.2 現實意義 3
1.4 研究方法 3
1.5 研究內容 4
第二章 文獻綜述與研究假設 6
2.1 銀行數字化轉型的概念 6
2.2 銀行數字化轉型發展歷程 6
2.3 文獻綜述 8
2.3.1 銀行數字化轉型的衡量指標 8
2.3.2 銀行數字化轉型對商業銀行風險的影響 13
2.4 研究假設 15
第三章 研究方法及設計 18
3.1 樣本選取與數據來源 18
3.2 變量選取 19
3.2.1 商業銀行風險 19
3.2.2 銀行數字化轉型指數 19
3.2.3 控製變量 29
3.3 描述性統計 31
3.4 實證模型 32
3.5 多重共線性檢驗 33
第四章 實證分析 34
4.1 實證結果 34
4.2 穩健性檢驗 36
4.2.1 替換商業銀行風險的衡量方法 36
4.2.2 替換銀行數字化轉型的衡量方法 38
4.2.3 系統GMM方法 39
4.3 異質性分析 42
4.3.1 銀行所有權特征 42
4.3.2 銀行上市狀態 43
第五章 結論和建議 45
5.1 研究結論 45
5.2 建議 46
5.3 研究不足與未來展望 46
參考文獻 48
作者簡歷 65
摘 要 III
Abstract V
目 錄 VII
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 X
第一章 緒 論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目標 2
1.3 研究意義 2
1.3.1 理論意義 2
1.3.2 現實意義 3
1.4 研究方法 3
1.5 研究內容 4
第二章 文獻綜述與研究假設 6
2.1 銀行數字化轉型的概念 6
2.2 銀行數字化轉型發展歷程 6
2.3 文獻綜述 8
2.3.1 銀行數字化轉型的衡量指標 8
2.3.2 銀行數字化轉型對商業銀行風險的影響 13
2.4 研究假設 15
第三章 研究方法及設計 18
3.1 樣本選取與數據來源 18
3.2 變量選取 19
3.2.1 商業銀行風險 19
3.2.2 銀行數字化轉型指數 19
3.2.3 控製變量 29
3.3 描述性統計 31
3.4 實證模型 32
3.5 多重共線性檢驗 33
第四章 實證分析 34
4.1 實證結果 34
4.2 穩健性檢驗 36
4.2.1 替換商業銀行風險的衡量方法 36
4.2.2 替換銀行數字化轉型的衡量方法 38
4.2.3 系統GMM方法 39
4.3 異質性分析 42
4.3.1 銀行所有權特征 42
4.3.2 銀行上市狀態 43
第五章 結論和建議 45
5.1 研究結論 45
5.2 建議 46
5.3 研究不足與未來展望 46
參考文獻 48
作者簡歷 65
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