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受欺淩經歷與高中生非自殺性自傷的關係——有調節的仲介模型
The relationship between bullying experiences and NSSI in high school students—— A moderated mediation model
受欺淩經歷 ; 非自殺性自傷 ; 孤獨感 ; 家庭功能
Bullying experiences ; Non-suicidal self-injury ; Loneliness ; Family functioning
非自殺性自傷（Non-Suicidal Self-Injury, NSSI）是指個體故意對自己的身體施加傷害行為，該行為通常不涉及自殺意圖。此類行為常見的形式包括割傷、燒傷或撞擊等。其主要目的是通過身體傷害來緩解情緒痛苦、壓力或其他心理困擾。非自殺性自傷通常與情緒調節困難、心理困擾、衝動控制障礙等因素相關，是一種複雜的心理行為現象，常見於青少年群體。青少年所遭遇的負面經歷會成為非自殺性自傷的風險因素。
受欺淩經歷是指個體在社會互動中，反復遭遇他人故意的傷害、侮辱或排斥，導致其心理、情感和社會功能受到負面影響的過程。本研究探討青少年遭受欺淩後產生的負面心理影響，選取非自殺性自傷作為結果變數，引入孤獨感和家庭功能兩個變數構建關係模型，旨在探索青少年非自殺性自傷、受欺淩經歷、孤獨感及家庭功能間的關聯，進一步探究受欺淩經歷和非自殺性自傷之間的內在作用機制，驗證孤獨感在二者間的仲介作用，以及家庭功能在其中的調節作用。
本研究採用中文版本的特拉華受欺負量表、青少年自我傷害行為量表、UCLA孤獨量表、家庭親密度與適應性量表對山東省某高中747名高中生進行問卷調查。採用統計軟體SPSS28.0構建受欺淩經歷、非自殺性自傷、孤獨感、家庭功能的關係模型。研究發現如下。
（1）不同性別的高中生孤獨感存在顯著差異。其他變數在人口學變數上的差異均不顯著。
（2）高中生非自殺性自傷檢出率為13.9％。
（3）受欺淩經歷、高中生非自殺性自傷、孤獨感、家庭功能之間兩兩顯著相關。
（4）孤獨感在受欺淩經歷與高中生非自殺性自傷之間起部分仲介作用。
（5）家庭功能在受欺淩經歷、孤獨感與高中生非自殺性自傷行為三者關係之間起調節作用。
本研究結論認為高中生受欺淩經歷不僅可以直接預測高中生的非自殺性自傷行為，且還可以通過高中生的孤獨感水準間接影響高中生非自殺性自傷行為的發生，而家庭功能可以有效地調節高中生受欺淩經歷與孤獨感對高中生非自殺性自傷的影響。
受欺淩經歷是指個體在社會互動中，反復遭遇他人故意的傷害、侮辱或排斥，導致其心理、情感和社會功能受到負面影響的過程。本研究探討青少年遭受欺淩後產生的負面心理影響，選取非自殺性自傷作為結果變數，引入孤獨感和家庭功能兩個變數構建關係模型，旨在探索青少年非自殺性自傷、受欺淩經歷、孤獨感及家庭功能間的關聯，進一步探究受欺淩經歷和非自殺性自傷之間的內在作用機制，驗證孤獨感在二者間的仲介作用，以及家庭功能在其中的調節作用。
本研究採用中文版本的特拉華受欺負量表、青少年自我傷害行為量表、UCLA孤獨量表、家庭親密度與適應性量表對山東省某高中747名高中生進行問卷調查。採用統計軟體SPSS28.0構建受欺淩經歷、非自殺性自傷、孤獨感、家庭功能的關係模型。研究發現如下。
（1）不同性別的高中生孤獨感存在顯著差異。其他變數在人口學變數上的差異均不顯著。
（2）高中生非自殺性自傷檢出率為13.9％。
（3）受欺淩經歷、高中生非自殺性自傷、孤獨感、家庭功能之間兩兩顯著相關。
（4）孤獨感在受欺淩經歷與高中生非自殺性自傷之間起部分仲介作用。
（5）家庭功能在受欺淩經歷、孤獨感與高中生非自殺性自傷行為三者關係之間起調節作用。
本研究結論認為高中生受欺淩經歷不僅可以直接預測高中生的非自殺性自傷行為，且還可以通過高中生的孤獨感水準間接影響高中生非自殺性自傷行為的發生，而家庭功能可以有效地調節高中生受欺淩經歷與孤獨感對高中生非自殺性自傷的影響。
Non suicidal self injury (NSSI) refers to an individual's intentional act of harming their own body, which usually does not involve suicidal intent. Common forms of such behavior include cuts, burns, or impacts. Its main purpose is to alleviate emotional pain, stress, or other psychological distress through physical injury. Non suicidal self injury is often associated with emotional regulation difficulties, psychological distress, impulse control disorders, and other factors. It is a complex psychological and behavioral phenomenon that is common in adolescent populations. Negative experiences experienced by adolescents can become risk factors for non suicidal self harm.
Bullying experience refers to the process in which an individual repeatedly experiences intentional harm, insults, or rejection from others in social interactions, resulting in negative impacts on their psychological, emotional, and social functioning. This study explores the negative psychological effects of bullying on adolescents, extracts non suicidal self injury as the outcome variable, introduces loneliness and family function as two variables to construct a relationship model, aiming to explore the association between non suicidal self injury, bullying experience, loneliness, and family function in adolescents, further explore the underlying mechanism between bullying experience and non suicidal self injury, verify the mediating role of loneliness between the two, and the moderating role of family function in it.
This study used the Chinese version of the Delaware Bullying Scale and the Adolescent Self Harming Behavior Scale UCLA A questionnaire survey was conducted on 747 high school students in Shandong Province using the Loneliness Scale, Family Intimacy and Adaptability Scale. Using statistical software SPSS28.0 Build a relationship model between bullying experience, non suicidal self injury, loneliness, and family functioning. The research found the following.
(1) There are significant differences in loneliness among high school students of different genders. The differences in demographic variables were not significant for other variables.
(2) The detection rate of non suicidal self injury among high school students is 13.9%.
(3) There is a significant correlation between experiences of bullying, non suicidal self injury among high school students, feelings of loneliness, and family functioning.
(4) Loneliness partially mediates the relationship between bullying experiences and non suicidal self harm among high school students.
(5) Family function plays a moderating role in the relationship between bullying experience, loneliness, and non suicidal self harm behavior among high school students.
The conclusion of this study is that high school students' experiences of bullying can not only directly predict their non suicidal self harm behavior, but also indirectly affect the occurrence of non suicidal self harm behavior through their level of loneliness. Family functioning can effectively regulate the impact of high school students' experiences of bullying and loneliness on their non suicidal self harm behavior.
Bullying experience refers to the process in which an individual repeatedly experiences intentional harm, insults, or rejection from others in social interactions, resulting in negative impacts on their psychological, emotional, and social functioning. This study explores the negative psychological effects of bullying on adolescents, extracts non suicidal self injury as the outcome variable, introduces loneliness and family function as two variables to construct a relationship model, aiming to explore the association between non suicidal self injury, bullying experience, loneliness, and family function in adolescents, further explore the underlying mechanism between bullying experience and non suicidal self injury, verify the mediating role of loneliness between the two, and the moderating role of family function in it.
This study used the Chinese version of the Delaware Bullying Scale and the Adolescent Self Harming Behavior Scale UCLA A questionnaire survey was conducted on 747 high school students in Shandong Province using the Loneliness Scale, Family Intimacy and Adaptability Scale. Using statistical software SPSS28.0 Build a relationship model between bullying experience, non suicidal self injury, loneliness, and family functioning. The research found the following.
(1) There are significant differences in loneliness among high school students of different genders. The differences in demographic variables were not significant for other variables.
(2) The detection rate of non suicidal self injury among high school students is 13.9%.
(3) There is a significant correlation between experiences of bullying, non suicidal self injury among high school students, feelings of loneliness, and family functioning.
(4) Loneliness partially mediates the relationship between bullying experiences and non suicidal self harm among high school students.
(5) Family function plays a moderating role in the relationship between bullying experience, loneliness, and non suicidal self harm behavior among high school students.
The conclusion of this study is that high school students' experiences of bullying can not only directly predict their non suicidal self harm behavior, but also indirectly affect the occurrence of non suicidal self harm behavior through their level of loneliness. Family functioning can effectively regulate the impact of high school students' experiences of bullying and loneliness on their non suicidal self harm behavior.
2025
中文
39
致 謝 I
摘 要 III
Abstract V
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 X
第一章 緒 論 1
1.1 選題背景 1
1.2 選題意義 2
1.2.1理論意義 2
1.2.2實踐意義 2
第二章 研究現狀分析 3
2.1非自殺性自傷 3
2.1.1非自殺性自傷的概念 3
2.1.2非自殺性自傷的測量 3
2.1.3青少年非自殺性自傷的研究現狀 4
2.2受欺淩經歷 5
2.2.1受欺淩經歷的概念 5
2.2.2受欺淩經歷的的測量 5
2.2.3受欺淩經歷與青少年非自殺性自傷的關係 6
2.3孤獨感 6
2.3.1孤獨感的概念 6
2.3.2孤獨感的測量 7
2.3.3孤獨感在受欺淩和非自殺性自傷之間的仲介作用 8
2.4家庭功能 9
2.4.1家庭功能的概念 9
2.4.2家庭功能的測量 9
2.4.3家庭功能對受欺淩經歷、孤獨感以及青少年非自殺性自傷的關係的調節作用 10
2.5 問題提出 11
第三章 研究方法及設計 13
3.1研究目標 13
3.2研究內容 13
3.3研究方法 13
3.3.1研究對象 13
3.3.2研究工具 13
3.3.3施測程式 14
3.3.4數據分析 15
第四章 研究結果 16
4.1 共同方法偏差檢驗 16
4.2 描述統計 16
4.3 人口學差異檢驗 16
4.4 相關性分析 17
4.5仲介效應分析 18
4.6 有調節仲介效應檢驗 19
第五章 分析與討論 24
5.1 受欺淩經歷、非自殺性自傷行為、孤獨感與家庭功能在人口學變數上的差異分析 24
5.1.1 受欺淩經歷的差異分析 24
5.1.2 非自殺性自傷行為的差異分析 25
5.1.3 孤獨感的差異分析 25
5.1.4 家庭功能的差異分析 26
5.2 受欺淩經歷、孤獨感、家庭功能與高中生非自殺性自傷的仲介調節作用分析 26
5.2.1 受欺淩經歷對高中生非自殺性自傷行為的影響 26
5.2.2 孤獨感在受欺淩經歷和高中生非自殺性自傷行為之間的仲介作用 27
5.2.3 家庭功能在受欺淩經歷和高中生非自殺性自傷行為之間的調節作用 28
第六章 結論與建議 30
6.1 結論 30
6.2 不足與展望 30
6.3 教育建議 30
參考文獻 32
作者簡歷 35
附 錄 36
摘 要 III
Abstract V
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 X
第一章 緒 論 1
1.1 選題背景 1
1.2 選題意義 2
1.2.1理論意義 2
1.2.2實踐意義 2
第二章 研究現狀分析 3
2.1非自殺性自傷 3
2.1.1非自殺性自傷的概念 3
2.1.2非自殺性自傷的測量 3
2.1.3青少年非自殺性自傷的研究現狀 4
2.2受欺淩經歷 5
2.2.1受欺淩經歷的概念 5
2.2.2受欺淩經歷的的測量 5
2.2.3受欺淩經歷與青少年非自殺性自傷的關係 6
2.3孤獨感 6
2.3.1孤獨感的概念 6
2.3.2孤獨感的測量 7
2.3.3孤獨感在受欺淩和非自殺性自傷之間的仲介作用 8
2.4家庭功能 9
2.4.1家庭功能的概念 9
2.4.2家庭功能的測量 9
2.4.3家庭功能對受欺淩經歷、孤獨感以及青少年非自殺性自傷的關係的調節作用 10
2.5 問題提出 11
第三章 研究方法及設計 13
3.1研究目標 13
3.2研究內容 13
3.3研究方法 13
3.3.1研究對象 13
3.3.2研究工具 13
3.3.3施測程式 14
3.3.4數據分析 15
第四章 研究結果 16
4.1 共同方法偏差檢驗 16
4.2 描述統計 16
4.3 人口學差異檢驗 16
4.4 相關性分析 17
4.5仲介效應分析 18
4.6 有調節仲介效應檢驗 19
第五章 分析與討論 24
5.1 受欺淩經歷、非自殺性自傷行為、孤獨感與家庭功能在人口學變數上的差異分析 24
5.1.1 受欺淩經歷的差異分析 24
5.1.2 非自殺性自傷行為的差異分析 25
5.1.3 孤獨感的差異分析 25
5.1.4 家庭功能的差異分析 26
5.2 受欺淩經歷、孤獨感、家庭功能與高中生非自殺性自傷的仲介調節作用分析 26
5.2.1 受欺淩經歷對高中生非自殺性自傷行為的影響 26
5.2.2 孤獨感在受欺淩經歷和高中生非自殺性自傷行為之間的仲介作用 27
5.2.3 家庭功能在受欺淩經歷和高中生非自殺性自傷行為之間的調節作用 28
第六章 結論與建議 30
6.1 結論 30
6.2 不足與展望 30
6.3 教育建議 30
參考文獻 32
作者簡歷 35
附 錄 36
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32.Kaess, M. , Parzer, P. , Mattern, M. , Plener, P. L. , Bifulco, A. , & Resch, F . (2012). Adverse childhood experiences and their impact on frequency, severity, and the individual function of nonsuicidai self-injury in youth. psychiatry res, 206(2-3):265-272.
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36.Liu, X., et al. (2016). Family functioning as a moderator in the relationship between bullying experiences and loneliness among adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 51, 52-59.
37.Mcclelland, H. , Evans, J. J. , & O'Connor, R. C. . (2021). Exploring the role of loneliness in relation to self-injurious thoughts and behaviour in the context of the integrated motivational-volitional model. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 141, 309-317.
38.Michelson , D., & Bhugra, D.(2012). Family environment, expressed emotion and adolescent self-harm: A review of conceptual, empirical, cross-cultural and clinical perspectives. International Review of Psychiatry, (24)(2): 106-114.
39.Miller,I. W.,Ryan,C. E.,Keitner,G. I.,Bishop,D. S.,& Epstein,N. B.(2000). The McMaster Approach to Families: theory, assessment, treatment and research. Journal of Family Therapy, 22 (2):168-189
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44.Ostrov, J. M. , & Kamper, K. E. (2015). Future directions for re⁃ search on the development of relational and physical peer victimization. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 44, 509-519.
45.Perlman, G., Gromatsky, M.,& Salis, K. L.(2018). Personality Correlates of Self-Injury in Adolescent Girls: Disentangling the Effects of Lifetime Psychopathology. J Abnorm Child Psychol , 46(8): 1677-1685.
46.Schatten, H. t., Andover, M. S., & Armey, M. F. (2015). the roles of social stress and decision-making in non-suicidal self-injury. Psychiatry Research, 229(3), 983-991.
47.Shevlin Mark,Murphy Siobhan,Mallett John... & Murphy Jamie.(2013).Adolescent
loneliness and psychiatric morbidity in Northern Ireland. The British journal of
clinical psychology, (2).
48.Slonje, R., & Smith, P. K. ( 2008 ) . Cyberbullied: Another main type of bullied? Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49( 2) , 147 -154.
49.Stapinski, L. A., Araya, R., Heron, J., Montgomery, A. A., & Stallard, P. (2015). Peer victimization during adolescence: Concurrent and prospective impact on symptoms of depression and anxiety. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 28(1), 105-120.
50.Steyn, G. M., & Singh, G. D. (2018). Managing bullying in South African secondary schools: a case study. International Journal of Educational Management, 32(6), 1029-1040.
51.Syed, S., Kingsbury, M., Bennett, K., Manion, I., & Colman, I. (2020). Adolescents’knowledge of a peerʼs non-suicidal self-injury and own non-suicidal self-injury and suicidality. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 142(5), 366-373.
52.Tang, J. , Li, G. , Chen, B. , Huang, Z. , Zhang, Y. , Chang, H. , Yu, Y. (2018). Prevalence of and risk factors for non - suicidal self - injury in rural China: Results from a nationwide survey in China. Journal of Affective Disorders, 226, 188 - 195.
53.Van der Laan, A. M., et al. (2015). The association between loneliness and non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents. Journal of Affective Disorders, 185, 214-220.
54.Wang, Q. , Wang, H. , & Liu, X. (2020). Loneliness, non - suicidal self - injury, and friendship quality among Chinese left - behind adolescents: The role of parent - child cohesion. Journal of Affective Disorders, 271, 193 - 200.
55.Yang, K. , & Victor, C. . (2011). Age and loneliness in 25 european nations. Ageing &
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