本校學位論文庫
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林沛洋
梁惠雅
商學院
工商管理碩士學位(MBA)課程(中文學制)
碩士
中國與東盟服務貿易競爭力對比研究 : 基於全球價值鏈視角
A comparative study on the competitiveness of service trade between China and ASEAN
全球價值鏈 ; 服務貿易 ; 競爭力 ; RCEP ; 中國-東盟
Global Value Chain ; Service Trade ; Competitiveness ; RCEP ; China-ASEAN
公開日期：28/5/2028
本文結合服務貿易理論和全球價值鏈理論，探索研究中國與東盟的服務貿易在"一帶一路"倡導下所產生的競爭力的變化。在《區域全面經濟夥伴關系協定》（RCEP）實施背景下，中國-東盟服務貿易合作呈現出規模擴大、結構優化和質量提升的良好態勢。本研究採用比較研究方法，系統對比分析中國與東盟十國的服務貿易競爭力差異。基於2015-2023年中國與東盟十國的面板數據，構建固定效應模型，分析變量包括全球價值鏈參與指數、前向參與度、後向參與度、RCEP實施程度、人力資本水準、基礎設施質量以及數字化發展水準等。比較分析發現，中國與東盟各國在服務貿易競爭力和價值鏈參與模式上存在顯著差異。新加坡以0.86的金融服務NRCA指數和0.652的價值鏈位置指數位居區域首位；中國在電信IT服務領域表現突出，NRCA指數達0.72；泰國在旅遊服務方面具有明顯優勢；而越南、印尼等國主要在勞動密集型服務環節參與價值鏈分工。研究表明：全球價值鏈參與對服務貿易競爭力具有顯著促進作用，且前向參與的影響大於後向參與；區域經濟合作對價值鏈參與與競爭力的關系具有正向調節作用；不同類型服務業的價值鏈參與與效應存在顯著差異，知識密集型服務業的價值鏈參與與效應遠強於傳統服務業。比較研究結果顯示，各國在服務價值鏈中呈現明顯的差異化分工格局：新加坡處於價值鏈上游，專注高端服務；中國在數位服務領域具有比較優勢；東盟其他國家則在傳統服務領域形成特色。基於研究結論，建議深化RCEP框架下的服務貿易自由化進程並促進知識密集型服務業發展，同時推動傳統服務業數字化轉型以提升區域價值鏈整體競爭力。比較研究結果表明，各國應根據自身在服務價值鏈中的相對位置制定差異化發展策略。比較研究結果表明，各國應根據自身在服務價值鏈中的相對位置制定差異化發展策略：處於價值鏈上游的國家應重點提升前向參與度，鞏固在高附加值服務環節的主導地位；處於中游的國家應在發揮現有優勢基礎上，通過創新驅動向價值鏈上游攀升；處於下游的國家則應通過引入高品質外國服務投入，提升後向參與品質，實現價值鏈升級。
研究成果不僅拓展了服務貿易競爭力理論視角，也為中國與東盟深化服務貿易合作提供了實踐指導。
研究成果不僅拓展了服務貿易競爭力理論視角，也為中國與東盟深化服務貿易合作提供了實踐指導。
This paper studies the competitiveness of service trade between China and ASEAN from a global value chain perspective. Under the background of the in-depth advancement of the "Belt and Road" Initiative and the implementation of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), China-ASEAN service trade cooperation has shown positive trends of scale expansion, structure optimization, and quality improvement. This study adopts a comparative research approach to systematically analyze the differences in service trade competitiveness between China and the ten ASEAN countries. Based on panel data of China and ten ASEAN countries from 2015 to 2023, this study constructs a fixed effects model to analyze variables including global value chain participation index, forward participation, backward participation, RCEP implementation level, human capital level, infrastructure quality, and digitalization development level.
Comparative analysis reveals significant differences in service trade competitiveness and value chain participation patterns between China and ASEAN countries. Singapore ranks first in the region with a financial services NRCA index of 0.86 and a value chain position index of 0.652; China performs prominently in telecommunications and IT services with an NRCA index of 0.72; Thailand has obvious advantages in tourism services; while Vietnam, Indonesia and other countries mainly participate in value chain division of labor in labor-intensive service segments.
The research shows that: global value chain participation has a significant positive effect on service trade competitiveness, with forward participation having a greater impact than backward participation; regional economic cooperation positively moderates the relationship between value chain participation and competitiveness; the effects of value chain participation vary significantly across different types of service industries, with knowledge-intensive services showing much stronger participation and effects than traditional services.
Comparative research results indicate that countries present a distinct differentiated division of labor pattern in the service value chain: Singapore is positioned upstream in the value chain, focusing on high-end services; China has comparative advantages in digital services; other ASEAN countries have formed distinctive features in traditional service sectors.
Based on the research conclusions, it is recommended to deepen the service trade liberalization process under the RCEP framework and promote the development of knowledge-intensive service industries, while advancing digital transformation of traditional service industries to enhance the overall competitiveness of regional value chains. Comparative research results suggest that countries should formulate differentiated development strategies based on their relative positions in the service value chain: countries positioned upstream in the value chain should focus on enhancing forward participation to consolidate their dominant position in high value-added service segments; countries in the middle stream should leverage existing advantages and move upstream through innovation-driven approaches; countries downstream should improve backward participation quality by introducing high-quality foreign service inputs to achieve value chain upgrading.
The research findings not only expand the theoretical perspective of service trade competitiveness but also provide practical guidance for deepening service trade cooperation between China and ASEAN.
Comparative analysis reveals significant differences in service trade competitiveness and value chain participation patterns between China and ASEAN countries. Singapore ranks first in the region with a financial services NRCA index of 0.86 and a value chain position index of 0.652; China performs prominently in telecommunications and IT services with an NRCA index of 0.72; Thailand has obvious advantages in tourism services; while Vietnam, Indonesia and other countries mainly participate in value chain division of labor in labor-intensive service segments.
The research shows that: global value chain participation has a significant positive effect on service trade competitiveness, with forward participation having a greater impact than backward participation; regional economic cooperation positively moderates the relationship between value chain participation and competitiveness; the effects of value chain participation vary significantly across different types of service industries, with knowledge-intensive services showing much stronger participation and effects than traditional services.
Comparative research results indicate that countries present a distinct differentiated division of labor pattern in the service value chain: Singapore is positioned upstream in the value chain, focusing on high-end services; China has comparative advantages in digital services; other ASEAN countries have formed distinctive features in traditional service sectors.
Based on the research conclusions, it is recommended to deepen the service trade liberalization process under the RCEP framework and promote the development of knowledge-intensive service industries, while advancing digital transformation of traditional service industries to enhance the overall competitiveness of regional value chains. Comparative research results suggest that countries should formulate differentiated development strategies based on their relative positions in the service value chain: countries positioned upstream in the value chain should focus on enhancing forward participation to consolidate their dominant position in high value-added service segments; countries in the middle stream should leverage existing advantages and move upstream through innovation-driven approaches; countries downstream should improve backward participation quality by introducing high-quality foreign service inputs to achieve value chain upgrading.
The research findings not only expand the theoretical perspective of service trade competitiveness but also provide practical guidance for deepening service trade cooperation between China and ASEAN.
2025
中文
152
致 謝 I
摘 要 II
Abstract IV
目 錄 VI
圖目錄 X
表目錄 XI
第一章 緒論 12
1.1 研究背景與問題提出 12
1.1.1 國際背景 12
1.1.2 區域背景 13
1.1.3 現實背景 14
1.2 研究意義與目標 15
1.2.1 理論意義 15
1.2.2 實踐意義 16
1.3 研究內容與方法 17
1.3.1 核心問題界定 17
1.3.2 研究內容與框架 18
1.3.3 研究方法 20
第二章 文獻研究 21
2.1 服務貿易競爭力研究綜述 21
2.1.1 服務貿易競爭力理論研究 21
2.1.2 服務貿易競爭力測度方法研究 23
2.1.3 服務貿易與經濟增長關系研究 24
2.2 全球價值鏈研究綜述 26
2.2.1 全球價值鏈的發展脈絡研究 26
2.2.2 全球價值鏈的測度與位置研究 28
2.2.3 全球價值鏈的治理與升級研究 29
2.3 “一帶一路”相關研究綜述 31
2.3.1 區域經濟合作機制研究 31
2.3.2 一帶一路與東盟合作研究 33
2.4 RCEP與區域經濟一體化研究綜述 34
2.4.1 RCEP影響研究 34
2.4.2 RCEP與服務貿易研究 36
2.4.3 RCEP的挑戰與機遇研究 37
2.5 研究評述 39
2.5.1 研究不足 39
2.5.2 現有研究成果 41
第三章 研究設計 44
3.1 研究對象界定 44
3.1.1 地域與行業範圍 44
3.1.2 時間範圍選擇 45
3.2 理論模型構建 46
3.2.1 核心概念關系研究 47
3.2.2 分析框架構建 50
3.2.3 研究假設提出 53
3.3 變量設計與模型構建 58
3.3.1 變量測度方法 58
3.3.2 數據來源與處理 61
3.4 分析方法與研究思路 63
3.4.1 計量分析流程 63
3.4.2 案例研究設計 65
3.5 比较研究设计 66
第四章 實證分析 69
4.1 實證模型構建 69
4.2 數據描述性統計分析 72
4.2.1 樣本數據基本特征 72
4.2.2 主要變量統計描述 74
4.2.3 相關性分析 77
4.3 服務貿易競爭力現狀評估 79
4.3.1 中國與東盟服務貿易規模與結構分析 79
4.3.2 服務貿易競爭力指數測算結果 81
4.3.3 各國服務貿易競爭力比較分析 84
4.4 全球價值鏈參與特征分析 88
4.4.1 價值鏈參與度測算 88
4.4.2 價值鏈位置指數分析 91
4.4.3 服務業價值鏈分工格局 94
4.4.4 中国与东盟价值链参与模式比较 97
4.5 回歸結果分析與討論 99
4.5.1 基准模型估計結果 99
4.5.2 交互效應模型結果 102
4.5.3 分組回歸結果 105
4.5.4 穩健性檢驗 108
4.5.5 基准模型估計結果 110
4.6 回歸結果的綜合討論 112
4.6.1 價值鏈參與對競爭力的核心影響 112
4.6.2 區域經濟合作的積極調節作用 113
4.6.3 服務業類型的顯著異質性 114
4.6.4 其他影響因素的綜合作用 115
第五章 結論與建議 117
5.1 主要研究結論 117
5.2 政策建議 119
5.2.1 國家層面 120
5.2.2 行業層面 123
5.2.3 企業層面 127
5.3 研究創新與貢獻 130
5.4 研究局限與展望 131
參考文獻 135
摘 要 II
Abstract IV
目 錄 VI
圖目錄 X
表目錄 XI
第一章 緒論 12
1.1 研究背景與問題提出 12
1.1.1 國際背景 12
1.1.2 區域背景 13
1.1.3 現實背景 14
1.2 研究意義與目標 15
1.2.1 理論意義 15
1.2.2 實踐意義 16
1.3 研究內容與方法 17
1.3.1 核心問題界定 17
1.3.2 研究內容與框架 18
1.3.3 研究方法 20
第二章 文獻研究 21
2.1 服務貿易競爭力研究綜述 21
2.1.1 服務貿易競爭力理論研究 21
2.1.2 服務貿易競爭力測度方法研究 23
2.1.3 服務貿易與經濟增長關系研究 24
2.2 全球價值鏈研究綜述 26
2.2.1 全球價值鏈的發展脈絡研究 26
2.2.2 全球價值鏈的測度與位置研究 28
2.2.3 全球價值鏈的治理與升級研究 29
2.3 “一帶一路”相關研究綜述 31
2.3.1 區域經濟合作機制研究 31
2.3.2 一帶一路與東盟合作研究 33
2.4 RCEP與區域經濟一體化研究綜述 34
2.4.1 RCEP影響研究 34
2.4.2 RCEP與服務貿易研究 36
2.4.3 RCEP的挑戰與機遇研究 37
2.5 研究評述 39
2.5.1 研究不足 39
2.5.2 現有研究成果 41
第三章 研究設計 44
3.1 研究對象界定 44
3.1.1 地域與行業範圍 44
3.1.2 時間範圍選擇 45
3.2 理論模型構建 46
3.2.1 核心概念關系研究 47
3.2.2 分析框架構建 50
3.2.3 研究假設提出 53
3.3 變量設計與模型構建 58
3.3.1 變量測度方法 58
3.3.2 數據來源與處理 61
3.4 分析方法與研究思路 63
3.4.1 計量分析流程 63
3.4.2 案例研究設計 65
3.5 比较研究设计 66
第四章 實證分析 69
4.1 實證模型構建 69
4.2 數據描述性統計分析 72
4.2.1 樣本數據基本特征 72
4.2.2 主要變量統計描述 74
4.2.3 相關性分析 77
4.3 服務貿易競爭力現狀評估 79
4.3.1 中國與東盟服務貿易規模與結構分析 79
4.3.2 服務貿易競爭力指數測算結果 81
4.3.3 各國服務貿易競爭力比較分析 84
4.4 全球價值鏈參與特征分析 88
4.4.1 價值鏈參與度測算 88
4.4.2 價值鏈位置指數分析 91
4.4.3 服務業價值鏈分工格局 94
4.4.4 中国与东盟价值链参与模式比较 97
4.5 回歸結果分析與討論 99
4.5.1 基准模型估計結果 99
4.5.2 交互效應模型結果 102
4.5.3 分組回歸結果 105
4.5.4 穩健性檢驗 108
4.5.5 基准模型估計結果 110
4.6 回歸結果的綜合討論 112
4.6.1 價值鏈參與對競爭力的核心影響 112
4.6.2 區域經濟合作的積極調節作用 113
4.6.3 服務業類型的顯著異質性 114
4.6.4 其他影響因素的綜合作用 115
第五章 結論與建議 117
5.1 主要研究結論 117
5.2 政策建議 119
5.2.1 國家層面 120
5.2.2 行業層面 123
5.2.3 企業層面 127
5.3 研究創新與貢獻 130
5.4 研究局限與展望 131
參考文獻 135
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